A physician looking at an X ray of lungs.

Lung Cancer Awareness Month: Know the signs

Every November, we recognize Lung Cancer Awareness Month, a time to shine a light on one of the world’s most common and deadliest cancers. With nearly 2.5 million new cases diagnosed globally each year, lung cancer is a serious health issue that too often goes undetected until it reaches an advanced stage.

But early detection saves lives. By knowing the signs and symptoms of lung cancer and understanding your risk, you can take action for yourself or your loved ones. Let’s talk about what to watch for, who’s most at risk, and how to be proactive against lung cancer.

Common signs and symptoms

Lung cancer symptoms can be subtle at first, which is why many people overlook them,  or even miss them altogether. They often resemble common illnesses like a cold, bronchitis, or even allergies. But if symptoms persist, it’s time to speak to your doctor.

Here are some key warning signs:

  • Persistent cough that doesn’t go away or worsens
  • Coughing up blood (even a small amount)
  • Shortness of breath or wheezing
  • Chest pain that is constant and may get worse with deep breathing or coughing
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Recurring respiratory infections like bronchitis or pneumonia
  • Hoarseness or changes in your voice
  • Loss of appetite
  • Swelling in the face or neck

It’s important to note that some people with early-stage lung cancer may have no symptoms at all. That’s why screening is crucial for those at high risk.

Who’s at risk?

While anyone can develop lung cancer, certain factors increase the risk:

  • Smoking
    • The number one risk factor. Around 80–90% of lung cancer cases are linked to tobacco use.
    • The longer and more you smoke, the higher your risk. However, quitting at any age reduces your chances.
  • Secondhand Smoke
    • Inhaling smoke from others can also increase your risk, especially with prolonged exposure. Avoid
  • Exposure to Radon Gas
    • A naturally occurring gas that can build up in homes, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the U.S.
  • Occupational Exposure
    • Long-term exposure to substances like asbestos, arsenic, diesel exhaust, and other chemicals increases risk.
  • Family History
    • Genetics can play a role. If you have a close relative with lung cancer, your risk may be higher.
  • Air Pollution
    • Particularly in urban areas or regions with poor air quality, long-term exposure may contribute to lung cancer risk.

Screening and early detection

The good news? There are effective screening tools available.

If you’re between 50 and 80 years old, have a 20 pack-year smoking history (have smoked a pack per day for 20 years), and currently smoke or have quit within the last 15 years, you may be eligible for low-dose CT (LDCT) screening. This test can detect lung cancer before symptoms appear when treatment is most likely to be successful.

Talk to your healthcare provider to see if/what screening is right for you.

A few facts worth knowing

  • Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide..
  • It kills more people than colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined.
  • Non-smokers can also develop lung cancer—about 10–20% of cases occur in people who have never smoked.
  • Thanks to advancements in targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and personalized medicine, survival rates are improving.

Breathe easier with knowledge

Lung cancer may be common, but early action can make a life-changing difference. Whether you’re a current or former smoker, have a family history, or just want to stay informed, awareness is your best defense.

This Lung Cancer Awareness Month, take a moment to check in with your body, talk to your doctor, and share this information with others. You could save a life—even your own.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms or is at risk, don’t wait. Speak with a healthcare professional today.

Check our lung cancer and other cancer type resources on our Community Resource Library.